石窟寺文物的数字化保护与利用     

李敏  刁常宇  葛云飞  裘霖山  李丽 《遥感学报》2021,25(12):2351-2364

随着信息技术的飞速发展,石窟寺文物的数字化保护与利用引起了国内外的广泛关注。文章从石窟寺文物数字化采集、保护和利用等方面进行系统梳理,重点分析石窟寺文物数字化保护中三维信息获取、三维重建评价以及三维打印等相关前沿信息技术的应用现状。并针对石窟寺文物数字化保护和利用工程实践中的难点,给出采用激光脉冲三维采集细部结合多视图重建采集整体形状的三维重建结合三维打印的解决方案。同时,针对摄影测量计算过程中可能出现的整体形状偏差,采用脉冲式激光三维扫描仪在石窟中进行整体扫描来建立石窟三维形状的框架,以对多视图重建计算中的空间解算误差进行约束。其中,提出了基于关键参数一致化的分布式集中约束调整方法,在保障精确度的同时得到更好的计算效率。然后通过云冈石窟和龙门石窟字化保护和利用的经典案例,具体分析工程实践中的难点,并探讨以上解决方案的可行性。综合考虑成本与效果等多种因素,该方案是当前技术条件下性价比相对较高,同时可以兼顾色彩与质感原真再现的解决思路。最后对未来趋势进行展望并给出相关技术和应用建议。  相似文献   

地图数据图层级批量综合功能的设计与研制     

杨敏  袁拓  孔博  陈文媛 《测绘地理信息》2021,46(1):71-74

目前,已有地图综合系统使用过程中需要专业人员深度参与,耗时耗力、自动化程度较低。针对这一问题,从软件工程的角度探讨了图层级批量综合功能的研制。以1∶5万居民地图层数据的综合处理为例,分别从建筑物目标的剖分、特征参量定义与计算、综合操作决策与实施、综合控制规则建立与表达4个方面进行分析,尝试构建"特征诊断→行为决策→操作执行"的完整技术链条。结合样例数据对提出的技术设想进行可行性验证,并对后续工作进行展望。  相似文献   

东濮凹陷南部沙三中段构造调节带对沉积体系的控制作用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

梁富康  于兴河  慕小水  李胜利  许书堂  刘玮  邹敏 《现代地质》2011,25(1)

东濮凹陷是一个由其东部的兰聊断层拉伸活动造成的新生代伸展断陷盆地。构造调节带是东濮凹陷南部发育的主要变换构造类型。根据断层的组合特点与断距变化,归纳出4种倾向类型、3类叠覆类型,并根据其组合关系细分出11种构造调节带类型,且在东濮凹陷南部识别出其中的8种类型。东濮凹陷南部的构造调节带对沉积体系的发育有控制作用:西部斜坡带发育的同向调节带可作为物源通道,发育大面积的三角洲沉积体系;兰聊断裂带下降盘中的断鼻调节带也可作为物源出口,发育扇三角洲前缘沉积体系;中央隆起带中的背向调节带起分隔次级汇水盆地的作用。东濮凹陷南部的调节带形成机制与兰聊断裂的几何学与运动学特征有关,兰聊断裂的断面形态、活动差异及走滑运动分量是调节带形成的主控动力学机制。  相似文献   

基于静态小波变换的趋势面构造     

蒋开明  顾民  葛良全  顾莉 《物探与化探》2011,35(6):848-850

在勘查数据处理异常分离方面,针对多项式最小二乘拟合构造的趋势面存在拟合度无法调整以及会出现失真情况的不足,提出了基于静态小波变换的趋势面构造方法。经过小波变换得到的近似系数表征信号的趋势,不同尺度的近似系数代表不同尺度下的趋势,静态小波变换后的近似系数和细节系数没有进行下采样,近似系数和细节系数仍然和原信号的长度相同。这种方法能根据需要构造出不同拟合度的趋势面且失真度很低。  相似文献   

Geochemical Stratigraphy and Microvertebrate Assemblage Sequences across the Silurian/Devonian Transition in South China     

ZHAO Wenjin  WANG Nianzhong  ZHU Min  Ulrich MANN  Ulrich HERTEN  Andreas LüCKE 《《地质学报》英文版》2011,85(2):340-353

Carbon isotope (δ13Corg) analyses of non-marine clastic rocks and neritic carbonates and black shales spanning the Silurian/Devonian transition are compared from two richly fossiliferous sequences in Qujing of East Yunnan and Zoige of Sichuan, South China. The two sections, Xishancun and Putonggou sections in South China, reveal positive δ13Corg shifts happening in the Upper Pridoli and Lower Devonian and reaching peak values as heavy as ?25.2‰ (Xishancun) and ?19.9‰ (Putonggou) in the lowermost Lochkovian following the first occurrence of the thelodont Parathelodus and the conodont Icriodus woschmidti woschmidti (only in Putonggou Section and together with Protathyris-Lanceomyonia brachiopod fauna). These results replicate a globally known positive shift in δ13Corg from the uppermost Silurian to the lowermost Devonian. The δ13Corg variations across the Silurian/Devonian Boundary (SDB) at the two sections in South China exhibit a shift in carbon isotopic composition similar to the detailed SDB curves from the borehole Klonk-1 drilled at top of the Klonk Global Standard Stratotype-Section and Point (GSSP) in the Prague Basin, Czech Republic. In addition, four microvertebrate assemblages, including the Liaojiaoshan, Xishancun, Yanglugou and Xiaputonggou assemblages, are recognized from the Silurian/Devonian transition exposed in the Xishancun and Putonggou sections, respectively. The results from both carbon isotope stratigraphy and microvertebrate assemblage sequences suggest that the SDB in South China is located at the base of the Xishancun Formation (between sample QX-20 and sample QX-21) in the Xishancun Section and the lower part of the Xiaputonggou Formation (between sample ZP-09 and sample ZP-10) in the Putonggou Section. The isotopic trend for organic carbon together with the changes of microvertebrate remains across the SDB can offer an approach to a potential correlation of the SDB from different sedimentary facies, which help to correlate the marine with non-marine deposits.  相似文献   

Late Silurian to Early Devonian Palynomorphs from Qujing, Yunnan, Southwest China     

TIAN Jiajie  ZHU Huaicheng  HUANG Min  LIU Feng 《《地质学报》英文版》2011,85(3):559-568

Well-preserved and diversified spores, cryptospores, and acritarchs have been recorded from a relatively continuous sequence that encompasses the Silurian–Devonian boundary in Qujing, Yunnan, southwest China. Four spore assemblage zones from Late Silurian to Early Devonian in age are proposed based on the first appearance datum (FAD) of characteristic spore species. In ascending stratigraphic order, they are Ambitisporites dilutus–Apiculiretusispora synorea (DS; Late Ludfordian to Early Pridoli), Synorisporites verrucatus–Apiculiretusispora plicata (VP; Pridoli), Apiculiretusispora minuta–Leiotriletes ornatus (MO; Lochkovian), and Verrucosisporites polygonalis–Dibolisporites wetteldorfensis (PW; Pragian). The acritarch assemblage from the upper part of the Yulongsi Formation, the Xiaxishancun Formation, and the lower–middle parts of the Xitun Formation indicates an age of Late Silurian. Based on palynological evidence, the upper part of the Yulongsi Formation is considered Late Ludfordian to Early Pridoli in age; the Xiaxishancun Formation is believed to be Pridoli in age; the Xitun Formation is considered Late Pridoli to Early Lochkovian in age; the Guijiatun Formation is considered Lochkovian in age; and the Xujiachong Formation is Late Lochkovian to Pragian in age. The Silurian-Devonian boundary is recognized between the VP and the MO spore biozones, and occurs within the middle part of the Xitun Formation.  相似文献   

Data Analysis of Chang’E-1 Gamma-Ray Spectrometer and Global Distribution of U, K, and Th Elemental Abundances     

ZOU Yongliao  ZHANG Liyan  LIU Jianzhong  MU Lingli  REN Xin  ZHANG Guangliang  CHANG Jin  YAN Jun  ZHANG Nan  ZHANG Hongbo  Lü Chang  LIU Jianjun  ZUO Wei  SU Yan  WEN Weibin  BIAN Wei  WANG Min  XU Chun  LI Chunlai  OUYANG Ziyuan 《《地质学报》英文版》2011,85(6):1299-1309

Gamma-ray spectrometer (GRS) is one of the main payloads on the Chang’E-1 (CE-1) lunar probe, mainly aimed to detect the elemental abundances and distributions on the lunar surface. At 03:58 on 28 November 2007, it performed the first observation of the lunar gamma rays. As of 24 October 2008, 2105?h of effective gamma rays spectra had been acquired by CE-1 GRS, which covers the whole surface of the moon. This paper mainly describes the data processing procedures and methods of deriving the elemental abundances by using the CE-1 GRS time series corrected spectra: first, to bin data into pixels for mapping; then, to perform a background deduction of the cumulative spectra and obtain a peak area of the elements; and finally, to use the elemental abundances inversion model to produce the elemental abundances. Based on these processing methods, the global abundance maps of U, K, and Th at a 5°×5° equal-area pixel are acquired by CE-1 GRS data. The paper gives a preliminary analysis of the uncertainties of the elemental abundances  相似文献   

The Impact of Aqueous Medium on Gas Yields and Kinetic Behaviors of Hydrogen Isotope Fractionation during Organic Matter Thermal Degradation     

LU Shuangfang  WANG Min  XUE Haitao  LI Jijun  CHEN Fangwen  XU Qingxia 《《地质学报》英文版》2011,85(6):1466-1477

In order to recognize the impact of aqueous medium on gas yields and the kinetic behaviors of hydrogen isotope fractionation during organic matter thermal degradation, the gold tube apparatus was used to conduct thermal simulation experiments by mixing the nC18 with the water of different properties and proportions. The yields of natural gas components, the relation among hydrogen isotope composition of each component and the experimental temperatures vs. heating rates have been obtained, and the results indicate that under the higher temperature conditions, the hydrous experiment has obvious impact on gas yields, such as when more water is added, higher amounts of hydrocarbon gas and H2 are yielded, and the existence of water obviously prolongs the temperature interval with the existence of heavy hydrocarbon gas. It also shows that the hydrogen isotope of hydrocarbon gas generated by the hydrous experiment is obviously lighter than that generated by the anhydrous experiment, and with the increasing amount of added water, the δD value of hydrocarbon gas gradually decreases. Compared with gas yields, the variation of δD value is more sensitive to aqueous medium in the thermal simulation experiment. However, compared with the amount of the added water, the aqueous medium property has smaller impact on the gas yields, which still shows the inherit effect on hydrogen isotope composition of aqueous medium. Through the model simulation and the isotope fractionation behavior analysis, it is validated that the hydrogen isotope fractionation process can be well described by the chemical kinetic model. The difference of reaction fraction of normal methane and D-containing methane is large, corresponding to the same activation energy. The content of normal methane is obviously higher in the part with lower activation energy, while the content of D-containing methane is higher in the part with higher activation energy. Therefore, it will result in larger hydrogen isotope fractionation amplitude, and the δD values will be more sensitive to the variation of maturity. Meanwhile, the average activation energy of methane generation from nC18 in the hydrous experiment is higher than that in the anhydrous experiment, and the greater amount of added water, the larger the average activation energy of methane generation reaction. This has laid foundation for its exploratory application in the study of gas reservoir forming history and the gas-source correlation, which indicates the research and application prospects in this orientation.  相似文献   

海南儋州南江褐铁矿矿床地质特征及控矿因素分析          下载免费PDF全文

张志  胡祥昭  郭旻 《地质找矿论丛》2011,26(1):34-38,45

南江褐铁矿产于下石炭统南好组中,矿体呈脉状、透镜状产出,规模较大、品位很高、质量较好.矿区内发育3组断裂,NNE向断裂控制了矿体的产出,并为矿液运移提供通道;兰洋岩体提供了成矿热液和物质来源.从矿床地质特征分析,为先成的热液型铁矿受古地理条件和气候影响,风化淋滤成褐铁矿,在地表出露为铁帽.预测其找矿前景较好.  相似文献   

黄河中游岩土侵蚀问题及防治对策探讨   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王敏  王佳武  赵跃文  于国胜  赵卫东 《陕西地质》2011,29(2):91-95

黄河中游出露地层岩性主要有古生界奥陶系碳酸盐岩、石炭系和二叠系碎屑岩;中生界三叠系砂泥岩、侏罗系砂泥岩和白垩系砂泥岩;新生界古近系砂泥岩、新近系(原为第三系)红土及第四系风积黄土和现代风积沙。第四系黄土厚度大,结构松散,遇水易解体,具湿陷性,是黄河中游粗泥砂的主要物源;第四系风积沙分布于黄河中游北部,亦是黄河中游粗泥砂的主要物源。岩土侵蚀类型有五:一是风力侵蚀—风沙侵蚀;二是降雨对谷坡面的面状冲刷—坡面侵蚀;三是地表径流对谷底的侧蚀—沟谷侵蚀;四是滑塌对谷坡坡体的破坏—重力侵蚀;五是潜蚀。并对不同侵蚀类型提出了不同的防治对策。  相似文献